Ketika seorang muda atau orang tuanya meminta saran mengenai bidang studi atau karir apa yang paling baik untuk ditekuni, saya selalu mendorong si orang muda untuk mengingat dan menggali impian masa kecilnya. Hari ini adalah satu titik di tengah-tengah perjalanan saya sendiri dalam menggapai impian masa kecil. Permainan yang paling saya gemari ketika kecil adalah bermain sekolah-sekolahan di mana saya berperan sebagai guru. Selanjutnya, perjalanan karir, profesi dan panggilan saya adalah menjadi guru. Pilihan untuk menjadi guru ini tentu saja merupakan pilihan yang tidak biasa karena dalam keluarga besar kedua orang tua, mungkin saya satu-satunya yang membuat pilihan ini. We are shaped and fashioned by what we love (Goethe). Salah satu bidang ilmu yang tercantum dalam SK pengangkatan saya adalah Teaching Methodology. Berikut ini adalah beberapa konsep yang melandasi dan menjadi raison d’etre bagi metodologi pengajaran.
Menjadi guru--dengan segala inflasi makna dalam berbagai jargon yang terkait mulai dari pahlawan tanpa tanda jasa, digugu lan ditiru, panutan, orang tua kedua, dan sebagainya adalah suatu penjelajahan dan perjalanan emosional, intelektual, dan spiritual. Kita beruntung dalam bahasa Indonesia kata guru tidak diterjemahkan seperti dalam bahasa Inggris menjadi teacher. Guru mengandung makna yang lebih luas dan dalam dibandingkan teacher (seseorang yang mengajar). Dalam bahasa Sansekerta, guru ( गुरू ) lebih dari seorang pengajar. Seorang guru adalah juga seorang ahli, konselor, saga, sahabat, pendamping dan pemimpin spiritual. Kata guru kemudian diadopsi ke dalam bahasa Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, dan banyak bahasa lainnya termasuk bahasa Indonesia. Sebagai kata benda, guru berarti tempat sakral ilmu pengetahuan. Sebagai kata sifat, guru berarti berbobot karena ilmu pengetahuan dan kearifan spiritual. Etimologi esoterik dari istilah guru menggambarkan suatu metafora peralihan dari kegelapan menjadi terang. Suku kata gu (गु) berarti kegelapan dan ru (रू) berarti terang. Jadi guru bermakna seseorang yang membebaskan dari kegelapan karena ketidak-tahuan dan ketidak-sadaran (www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru).
Dalam novelnya Laskar Pelangi, Andrea Hirata menulis, ”guru yang pertama kali membuka mata kita akan huruf dan angka-angka sehingga kita pandai membaca dan menghitung tak ’kan putus-putus pahalanya hingga akhir hayatnya. . . . Dan tak hanya itu yang dilakukan seorang guru. Ia juga membuka hati kita yang gelap gulita.” Pengalaman Hirata mengingatkan kita pada kerja mulia seorang Anne Sullivan yang berhasil membebaskan Helen Keller dari kegelapan dan keterasingan karena keterbatasan mata dan pendengarannya.
Belenggu dalam Pendidikan
Harapan bagi para guru untuk membebaskan anak-anak bangsa dari kegelapan masih belum tercapai. Kemerosotan mutu pendidikan nasional di Indonesia, seperti ditunjukkan secara kuantitatif dalam berbagai data survei tingkat internasional seperti TIMSS, OECD dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia maupun secara kualitatif dalam pengamatan beberapa pelaku dan pengamat pendidikan, tidak bisa dilepaskan dari rendahnya mutu guru karena guru mempunyai peran sangat penting dan strategis dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Ditengarai kekurangan minat di antara orang muda berkualitas untuk menjadi guru disebabkan salah satunya oleh minimnya jaminan kesejahteraan guru seiring dengan revolusi material dalam era globalisasi (Lie, 2004, Priyono, 2005 dan Darmaningtyas, 2005).
Dalam kerangka peningkatan mutu, satu permasalahan fundamental dalam sistem pendidikan nasional adalah dehumanisasi pendidikan. Seharusnya, pendidikan menghormati dan menghargai martabat manusia beserta dengan segala hak asasinya. Peserta didik seharusnya tumbuh dalam kemanusiaannya sebagai subyek melalui proses pendidikan. Tapi yang sedang terjadi justru sebaliknya. Ada terlalu banyak contoh dalam praktek-praktek di sekolah yang menunjukkan betapa peserta didik sudah diperlakukan sebagai obyek demi kepentingan ideologi, politik, industri, dan bisnis. Guru sebagai pendidik tidak mampu mengembangkan kesadaran untuk menghentikan gejala dehumanisasi ini dan membebaskan peserta didik dari kegelapan karena para guru sendiri merasa terjebak sebagai obyek dalam sistem pendidikan nasional (Suparno, 2004 dan Supriadi, 2003). Persoalan di bawah ini hanya sebagian kecil dari realita belenggu kemiskinan finansial, intelektual, emosional, kultural, dan spiritual.yang dihadapi guru dan sudah sangat lama disorot masyarakat:
1. Dengan gaji dan tunjangan yang sangat tidak memadai, guru menjadi terlalu sibuk dengan upaya mencari penghasilan tambahan sehingga tugas dan tanggung jawab sebagai pendidik diabaikan atau tidak dilakukan dengan sepenuh hati.
2. Dengan jam mengajar yang panjang dan tugas administratif yang membebani, guru sudah tidak punya waktu untuk membaca dan mengembangkan diri. Pengetahuan, wawasan dan kreativitas guru sulit berkembang. Akibatnya, peserta didik mau bertahan duduk di hadapan guru di dalam kelas hanya karena mereka harus bertahan sebelum bel berbunyi dan menyelesaikan satu jenjang untuk mendapatkan ijazah.
3. Dengan berbagai kepahitan dan kegetiran hidup sebagai obyek dalam sistem pendidikan nasional, sebagian guru belum mampu mengembangkan mekanisme untuk mengelola emosi negatif mereka sehingga harus mengumpat di kelas, mengasihani diri sendiri atau memperlakukan peserta didik dengan kasar.
4. Seharusnya berperan sebagai aktor dalam proses pembudayaan, transformasi nilai-nilai, dan rekonstruksi masyarakat, sebagian guru malah melakukan pelanggaran etika sebagai pendidik dengan memberikan les privat bagi peserta didik dan bahkan membocorkan soal-soal ulangannya sendiri, ikut menjualkan buku-buku ajar dari penerbit yang memberikan komisi paling memuaskan, atau ikut terlibat sebagai saksi yang menutup mulut atas beberapa tindakan manipulasi dan korupsi oleh birokrasi pendidikan atau pengelola sekolah.
5. Akhirnya, belenggu kemiskinan finansial, intelektual, emosional, dan kultural membuat guru kehilangan identitas dan integritas. Pekerjaan sebagai guru tidak lagi dilandasi oleh spiritualitas profesi dan tidak menjadi bagian dari perjalanan kemanusiaan.
Tentu saja di berbagai tempat masih ada banyak guru yang cerdas, cemerlang dan berhati nurani. Bahkan dalam berbagai keterbatasan segala sumber daya, masih ada guru-guru yang memaknai setiap tindakan dan ucapannya sebagai bagian dari perjalanan panjang untuk melayani anak-anak manusia dalam sejarah peradaban. Guru-guru seperti ibu Muslimah Hafsari dan Bapak Harfan Efendy Noor dalam kehidupan nyata Andrea Hirata laksana mutiara dan senantiasa bersinar di tengah-tengah gambaran suram para guru seperti di atas.
Tujuan Menjadi Guru
Dalam perjalanan kehidupan, setiap manusia dipanggil bukan sekedar untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya sendiri melainkan untuk melakukan sesuatu yang lebih besar dari dirinya sendiri. Sebagian manusia dipanggil untuk mendampingi manusia-manusia muda dalam perjalanan mereka dan membebaskan manusia-manusia muda ini dari ketidak-tahuan dan ketidak-sadaran. Manusia-manusia ini kemudian memilih untuk menjalani profesi sebagai guru.
Dalam perjalanan untuk mencapai tujuan ini, seorang guru mengalami suatu proses penemuan diri sendiri. Find your passion and follow it. Dalam refleksi Parker Palmer (1998), selama proses penemuan diri ini, seorang guru secara terus menerus mengaitkan tiga hal, yakni dirinya sendiri dengan anak didik dan bidang pengetahuan/ketrampilan yang diampunya.
Proses penemuan diri seorang guru dalam perjalanan panggilannya adalah proses penemuan dan pengukuhan identias dan integritas (Palmer, 1993 dan 1998). Dalam beberapa forum yang berbeda, saya pernah menanyakan kepada para peserta siapa guru yang paling berpengaruh dalam kehidupan mereka dan kenapa guru tersebut bisa berpengaruh. Hampir semua peserta secara spontan dan cepat bisa menyebutkan tokoh guru berpengaruh seakan-akan nama guru tersebut sudah terpatri dalam benak mereka. Yang menarik adalah ketika masing-masing menceritakan apa pengaruh dan kenapa guru tersebut telah berpengaruh dalam kehidupannya. Ada keberagaman profil guru idola yang sangat besar dalam hal usia, mata pelajaran yang diampu, tipe kepribadian, gaya mengajar para guru idola, dan bahkan metode dan teknik mengajar. Dengan kata lain, tidak ada satu tipe guru tertentu yang menjadi idola.
Salah satu bidang keahlian yang saya tekuni selama ini adalah pengembangan profesionalisme guru dan penguasaan metode dan teknik mengajar oleh guru. Dahulu saya memberikan pelatihan-pelatihan metode dan teknik mengajar berdasarkan teori, penelitian, dan best practices yang sudah terdokumentasi dengan suatu keyakinan bahwa beberapa metode dan teknik mengajar tertentu merupakan kunci keberhasilan suatu proses pembelajaran.. Semakin lama saya berinteraksi dengan para guru dan menjalani sendiri profesi saya, semakin saya menyadari bahwa masing-masing guru seharusnya menggali dirinya sendiri, menemukan identitasnya sendiri, dan mengembangkan gaya serta metode dan teknik mengajar yang paling sesuai dengan dirinya sendiri untuk menyinarkan aura terbaiknya yang bisa menerangi para peserta didiknya dan membekali dirinya untuk menyampaikan bidang pengetahuan/ketrampilan yang diampunya. Penemuan dan kesadaran diri ini kemudian akan menjadi modal bagi guru untuk mempertahankan integritasnya dan menjadi dirinya sendiri secara utuh sesuai dengan harkat kemanusiaannya.
Dua hal berikutnya yang terkait dalam perjalanan seorang guru adalah anak didik dan mata pelajaran yang diampu. Jika seorang guru diminta untuk melengkapi kalimat Anda mengajar ………………., jawaban langsung (tanpa refleksi) kebanyakan guru sekolah menengah dan perguruan tinggi adalah mengisi titik-titik dengan bidang studi yang diajar sedangkan guru sekolah dasar akan menjawab Saya mengajar kelas 2. Tidak terpikirkan bagi guru untuk menjawab Saya mengajar 48 anak. Jika ditanya lebih lanjut, Apakah Anda mengajar anak atau mengajar IPS/IPA/bahasa/matematika/kesenian?, barulah jawaban selanjutnya adalah Saya mengajar kedua-duanya. Jawaban ini tampak sederhana dan memang benar. Namun refleksi lebih dalam terhadap praksis pengajaran menunjukkan bahwa mengajar kedua-duanya tidak selalu (bisa) dilakukan. Dalam tingkat kebijakan dan praksis pendidikan formal, bahkan ada konsensus bahwa semakin tinggi jenjang pendidikannya, semakin besar kecenderungan mengajar bidang disiplin daripada peserta didik. Guru taman kanak-kanak dan sekolah dasar dianggap lebih generalis dan lebih memahami psikologi anak dibanding guru-guru sekolah menengah dan perguruan tinggi yang lebih spesialis. Dalam praksis pendidikan formal, seringkali guru pada jenjang yang lebih tinggi mendapatkan penghargaan (baik materi maupun prestise) yang lebih tinggi daripada guru TK dan SD. Banyak pengelola sekolah memberi gaji yang lebih besar kepada guru SMP dan SMA daripada kepada guru TK dan SD. Atau kualifikasi yang disyaratkan untuk guru SMP dan SMA dibuat lebih tinggi daripada untuk guru TK dan SD. Sikap ini dilandasi suatu asumsi bahwa apa yang diajarkan jauh lebih penting daripada siapa yang diajar.
Pemilihan mata pelajaran yang diampu (bisa dilakukan sebelum atau dalam masa jabatan) seharusnya dilakukan dalam kesadaran dan keterkaitan dengan identitas dan integritas setiap guru. Dalam menjalankan profesinya, ada proses penyatuan diri dengan bidang yang diampu. The messenger is the message. Salah satu indikator proses penyatuan diri dengan bidang ini adalah kecintaan terhadap apa yang diajarkan (termasuk berbagai kaidah dalam disiplin ilmunya) dan keyakinan bahwa apa yang diajarkan akan membawa suatu perubahan dan kebaikan dalam kehidupan peserta didik sebagaimana pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan nilai yang terkandung dalam bidang yang diampu itu sudah membawa kebaikan bagi kehidupan sang guru sendiri.
Selanjutnya, untuk mengajar kedua-duanya (mata pelajaran dan peserta didik), seorang guru tidak berhenti hanya pada peran sebagai the messenger who delivers the message. Identitas dan integritas seorang guru memungkinkannya untuk menyapa setiap pribadi peserta didik, menyentuh hatinya, dan membebaskannya untuk menemukan guru dari dalam dirinya sendiri. Parker Palmer menyebut the teacher within. Implikasi dari pemahaman ini adalah seorang guru sejati dipanggil untuk membebaskan peserta didiknya bukan hanya dari ketidak-tahuan melainkan juga membebaskan peserta didiknya dari ketergantungan kepada sang guru. Seorang guru dipanggil untuk membebaskan peserta didik dari ketidak-sadaran bahwa sebenarnya si peserta didik mempunyai gurunya sendiri, yakni yang ada di dalam dirinya sendiri, yang akan terus membimbing dan memimpinnya sepanjang hayat.
Anatomi dan Budaya Ketakutan
Perubahan adalah sesuatu yang tidak bisa dihindari dan perlu karena melalui perubahan, kehidupan tumbuh dan berkembang. Peran pendidikan dalam pembudayaan umat manusia adalah pembebasan peserta didik untuk melakukan perubahan dan pembaruan demi kehidupan. Perubahan masyarakat seharusnya dimulai di sekolah-sekolah karena di tempat inilah pemilik masa depan sedang dipersiapkan. Namun ironisnya, di sekolah peserta didik tidak banyak diberi kesempatan untuk merekonstruksi masa depan dan bahkan diajar nilai-nilai kepatuhan serta belajar menyesuaikan diri dengan sistem, tatanan, norma, aturan, dan nilai yang sudah berlaku di masyarakat. Guru sudah diposisikan sebagai perangkat dalam suatu sistem yang tidak cukup memberikan penghargaan bagi upaya-upaya pembaruan dan pembebasan namun justru sangat menghargai tindakan-tindakan pengukuhan aturan dan sistem.
Pemosisian ini secara sistematis telah menciptakan dan memelihara budaya ketakutan di kalangan para guru. Dunia pendidikan telah dibelenggu dan beroperasi dalam budaya ketakutan. Ketakutan guru terjadi secara multidimensional. Ketakutan terhadap sistem dengan segala perangkatnya termasuk evaluasi terhadap peserta didik berupa ujian yang diselenggarakan oleh lembaga yang berkuasa, pengakuan atas profesionalitasnya berupa program sertifikasi, penilaian kinerja yang buruk dari kepala sekolah, jaminan atas kesejahteraan dan keberlanjutan karirnya telah menghambat guru untuk menjadi dirinya sendiri secara utuh. Lebih jauh lagi, keterbelengguan dalam sistem dan ketakutan terhadap kemiskinan juga membatasi guru untuk terus menggali, menjelajahi, dan menemukan nilai-nilai kebenaran dalam bidang ilmu yang diam. Secara lebih mendalam, ketakutan terhadap peserta didik dan dirinya sendiri telah membentengi guru dari panggilan untuk menyapa peserta didik dan membebaskan mereka untuk menemukan diri sendiri. Bahkan, banyak guru memanfaatkan dan menggunakan ketakutan dalam diri peserta didik untuk mengendalikan proses belajar mengajar. Peserta didik takut terhadap ulangan dan ujian, takut terhadap hukuman, takut menjadi bahan cemooh teman-teman sekelas, dan takut tidak naik kelas. Ketakutan peserta didik inilah yang dijadikan sumber enerji penegakan kekuasaan guru di kelas. Ketakutan peserta didik selanjutnya bergabung dengan ketakutan dari dalam guru sendiri untuk membuka hatinya sendiri dan menyapa hati peserta didiknya. Ketakutan para guru terhadap peserta didik telah mengenakan topeng apatisme terhadap perubahan dan sinisme terhadap kondisi peserta didik (mutu input yang terus merosot dari tahun ke tahun, motivasi belajar yang rendah, latar belakang keluarga yang tidak mendukung, dsb). Ketakutan-ketakutan ini telah memisahkan guru dari peserta didik.
Ketakutan-ketakutan adalah manusiawi dan jarak antara guru dan peserta didik akan selalu ada. Namun, betapapun lebar jarak tersebut, guru seharusnya berkomitmen untuk membangun jembatan dengan peserta didik bukan hanya karena peserta didik membutuhkan guru untuk membimbingnya dalam perjalanan menjadi manusia dewasa tapi juga karena guru membutuhkan pandangan dan enerji dari peserta didik untuk terus memperbaharui kehidupannya sendiri.
Beberapa tahun setelah saya mengawali perjalanan saya sebagai guru, saya menutupi berbagai ketakutan saya dengan menekuni perangkat pengajaran berupa metodologi dan teknik mengajar. Maka sayapun mencoba dan bermain-main dengan cooperative learning, multiple intelligences, learning styles, dan sebagainya. Penguasaan perangkat-perangkat ini saya harapkan bisa menjadi senjata dan tameng agar kelihatan trampil dan kompeten di depan para peserta didik dan sesama rekan guru. Perangkat-perangkat ini juga saya bagikan kepada sesama rekan guru di acara-acara pelatihan. Namun, semakin lama saya masuk dalam perjalanan saya sebagai guru, semakin saya melihat bahwa betapapun pentingnya metode dan teknik mengajar, perangkat adalah tetap perangkat. Guru seharusnya menggunakan perangkatnya bukan untuk menutupi ketakutannya sendiri melainkan sebagai jembatan untuk menyapa dan membuka hati setiap peserta didiknya. Komitmen guru untuk menggapai hati peserta didik merupakan bagian dari rekonstruksi fabrikasi sosial, seperti kata Parker Palmer (1998):
“One of the blessings of teaching is the chance it gives us for continuing encounters with the young, but whatever eventually blesses us may at first feel like a curse! We are more likely to survive the curse and arrive at the blessings if we understand that we may be as afraid of our students as they are of us—and then learn to decode our own fears, as well as theirs, for the sake of creativity in the service of the young.”
Pengalaman menguraikan ketakutan merupakan bagian dari perjalanan spiritual seorang guru. Ketakutan adalah patologis dan fundamental dalam kemanusiaan sehingga banyak tradisi spiritual berupaya mengatasi dampak ketakutan dalam kehidupan. Dengan kata-kata dan konteks yang berbeda, seruan “Jangan takut!” ada dalam berbagai agama. Ajaran dari berbagai agama mengajak kita untuk mengatasi ketakutan dengan satu harapan: kita bisa terlepas dari kehancuran karena ketakutan dan mendapatkan berkat ketika perjumpaan dengan manusia lain tidak mengancam kita melainkan memperkaya pekerjaan dan kehidupan kita.
Upaya Mengangkat Derajat Guru
Tulisan ini tidak dimaksudkan untuk menafikan hak atas kesejahteraan bagi para guru atas nama panggilan hati. Di tengah-tengah keprihatinan terhadap kemerosotan mutu dan status guru, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 19 tahun 2005 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan dan Undang Undang No. 14 tahun 2005 Guru dan Dosen diluncurkan dengan suatu itikad baik di antaranya untuk mengatur profesionalisme guru dan memberikan jaminan terhadap perlindungan dan kesejahteraan guru. Sementara, persoalan konseptual pendidikan profesional guru masih belum terselesaikan, program sertifikasi melalui portofolio sudah langsung dijalankan. Sungguh sangat absurd tindakan menggunakan berkas-berkas yang dikumpulkan dalam portofolio untuk menilai kompetensi seorang guru. Dan ketika guru-guru yang beruntung mendapatkan jatah sedang berlomba-lomba mengumpulkan portofolio untuk memperoleh sertifikasi demi perolehan tunjangan profesi dan fungsional, berbagai ekses (keikut-sertaan dalam program pendidikan dan pelatihan hanya demi sertifikat, manipulasi berkas, dan kolusi antara pemilik portofolio dan penilai) sangat menodai profesi guru dan bahkan melemparkan guru pada titik nadir dalam perjalanan profesinya.
Program sertifikasi guru yang juga merupakan produk PP No. 19/2005 dan UU 14/2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen juga telah banyak disorot. Raka Joni (2007) menunjukkan adanya “cacat ontologik” dalam konsep kompetensi pedagogik, kepribadian, sosial, dan profesional yang diturunkan dari Empat Pilar Belajar UNESCO. Menilai seorang guru dalam 4 kategori sama dengan ”memposisikan keempat kompetensi ortogonal satu sama lain.” Sebagai ilustrasi, kemampuan mengelola pembelajaran peserta didik yang meliputi pemahaman terhadap peserta didik, perancangan, dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, evaluasi hasil belajar dan pengembangan peserta didik yang terangkum dalam kompetensi pedagogik akan lepas konteks jika tidak dikaitkan dengan kemampuan penguasaan materi pembelajaran. Demikian juga dengan dua kompetensi yang lain.
Merujuk kepada refleksi Parker Palmer (1998) bahwa seorang guru secara terus menerus mengaitkan tiga hal, yakni dirinya sendiri dengan anak didik dan bidang pengetahuan/ketrampilan yang diampunya, berbagai kemampuan yang diharapkan dimiliki dan/atau dikembangkan seorang guru seyogyanya menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari sosok utuh kompetensi profesional seorang pendidik Berikut ini peta penemuan dan pengembangan seorang pendidik:
Ketika seorang guru dipanggil untuk membebaskan peserta didiknya bukan hanya dari ketidak-tahuan melainkan juga membebaskan peserta didiknya dari ketergantungan kepada sang guru, dia perlu berangkat dari suatu motivasi dan dedikasi yang dilandasi falsafah dan nilai pendidikan untuk mengabdikan dan mengembangkan dirinya. Dalam perjalanannya, seorang guru memilih bidang studi dengan suatu kecintaan dan keyakinan bahwa apa yang diajarkan akan membawa suatu perubahan dan kebaikan dalam kehidupan peserta didik sebagaimana pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan nilai yang terkandung dalam bidang yang diampu itu sudah membawa kebaikan bagi kehidupan sang guru sendiri. Proses penyatuan diri dengan bidang studi ini mencakup kemampuan penguasaan dan pengembangan materi serta perancangan pembelajaran dan evaluasi hasil belajar. Selanjutnya, perjumpaan guru dengan peserta didik terjadi sebagai interaksi antar manusia sedangkan perjalanan seorang guru untuk membebaskan peserta didiknya secara profesional didukung oleh pemahaman guru terhadap peserta didik, proses belajar serta dampak perbedaan individual dan latar belakang ekonomi sosial budaya terhadap proses belajar.
Dikotomi pekerjaan dan panggilan
Undang-Undang No. 14 tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen memposisikan guru sebagai pekerja yang harus mendapatkan perlindungan hukum atas hak-hak personal dan profesionalnya. Memang selama ini, guru seringkali diperlakukan secara semena-mena oleh pemerintah maupun sebagian pengelola sekolah swasta. Sebagai pekerja, guru berhak mendapatkan kebebasan akademis dan berserikat, rasa aman dan jaminan keselamatan, cuti, tunjangan kesehatan, dan gaji yang layak seperti diatur dalam UU No. 14 tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen Pasal 14 s/d 19. Guru juga berhak mendapatkan prosedur pengangkatan, pemindahan, dan pemberhentian yang layak (Pasal 24 s/d 31) serta Pembinaan dan Pengembangan (Pasal 32 s/d 34).
Namun pada sisi yang lain, guru bukan buruh. Menjadi guru (sejati) merupakan panggilan hati. Bagi seorang guru sejati, tugas utamanya adalah membantu anak didik berkembang menjadi manusia yang lebih utuh (Driyarkara, 1980). Apapun situasinya, guru pertama-tama tidak berpikir untuk dirinya sendiri melainkan untuk anak didiknya. Dia dipanggil untuk melakukan sesuatu yang lebih besar dari dirinya sendiri. Bagi seorang guru yang digerakkan oleh panggilan hati, layanan konseling bagi anak didik yang sedang depresi dan mau bunuh diri di hari libur resmi pemerintah akan tetap dilakukan walaupun dia tahu sekolah tidak membayarnya uang lembur. Betapapun pergumulan untuk memperjuangkan tingkat kesejahteraan yang layak bagi guru sebagai pekerja, yang membedakan guru yang sejati dengan yang tidak adalah bagaimana mereka masing-masing memaknai profesi keguruannya. Yang satu menjalaninya sebagai suatu panggilan hidup sedangkan yang lainnya melakukan pekerjaan untuk mencari nafkah. Di antara kedua model ini tentunya ada gradasi dan dinamika pertumbuhan atau kemerosotan.
Bagi seorang guru sejati, pekerjaan menulis silabus dan rencana pembelajaran, menyiapkan media pengajaran, menyampaikan materi kepada siswa, memberi tes, mengoreksi tes siswa, menilai siswa, melakukan tindakan pendisiplinan siswa, memberi konseling kepada siswa, berpartisipasi dalam rapat atau pelatihan guru, dan menulis laporan kepada kepala sekolah merupakan bagian dari suatu perjalanan mencapai suatu tujuan, yaitu membebaskan peserta didik dari kegelapan dan mengarahkan peserta didik untuk menemukan guru sejati yang berada dalam dirinya sendiri.
Hadirin yang terhormat,
Setiap pencapaian mustahil merupakan hasil jerih payah individu melainkan merupakan suatu bagian dari Penyelenggaraan Ilahi yang melibatkan banyak manusia lain. Dalam perjalanan ini, Tuhan sudah memberkati saya dengan sesama peziarah yang sudah ikut mengisi dan memperkaya kehidupan saya. Puji syukur saya panjatkan untuk Chitra dan Kelvin, orang tua dan guru pertama yang sudah memberi tanpa batas dan mengajarkan kehidupan kepada saya. Karunia Tuhan juga saya rasakan dengan kehadiran Haryanto Amanta, suami dan pahlawan dalam kehidupan saya. Cinta kasihnya memberi saya kekuatan, dukungan dan pengertian untuk mengejar impian saya dan menemukan diri saya sendiri. Putri kami terkasih, Felippa Amanta adalah guru saya yang utama dan yang senantiasa menginspirasi saya untuk mempertemukan teori-teori yang saya pelajari dengan kehidupan itu sendiri dan menguraikan ketakutan-ketakutan saya sebagai manusia dan sebagai guru. Ketiga saudara saya beserta keluarga mereka serta mertua dan para saudara ipar sudah memberikan kasih sayang dan dukungan yang sangat berarti.
Semua guru saya di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 112 di Sidodadi, SMPK Santa Agnes beserta dengan para Suster SSpS, SMAK Frateran Surabaya beserta dengan para Frater Bunda Hati Kudus, Fakultas Sastra UK Petra, dan Baylor University sudah ikut mengisi kehidupan saya dengan kapasitas dan gaya masing-masing. Terima kasih saya untuk Prof. Ann Karaffa, Ph.D. dan Prof. Betty Jo Monk, Ph.D. yang sudah memungkinkan saya mendapatkan beasiswa untuk program S3 di Baylor University walaupun pada saat itu sedang ada pemotongan anggaran besar-besaran di universitas serta untuk Prof. Dr. Esther Kuntjara sebagai Dekan Fakultas Sastra UK Petra pada waktu itu yang sudah memperjuangkan ijin bagi saya melanjutkan ke program S3.
Terima kasih untuk Ibu Ninuk Setyorini atas persahabatan, ketulusan, dan kejujuran. Kepada rekan-rekan seperjalanan dalam profesi, Prof. Dr. Budi Darma, Ibu Josefa Mardijono, Ibu Monica Santoso, Ibu Julia Eka Rini, Ibu Sarah Prasasti, Ibu Liliek Yuwono, Bapak Dwi Setiawan, dan semua dosen di Fakultas Sastra UK Petra, terima kasih atas persahabatan dan dukungan. Terima kasih kepada Alm. Prof. Dr. Lukas Musianto, Prof. Dr. Benjamin Lumantarna, Dr. Takim Andriono, Ibu Mina Sulastri, Bpk. Guana Tanjung, dan Bpk. Wang Sutrisno yang sudah menunjukkan bahwa perjalanan menjadi guru dimulai dari perjalanan menemukan diri sendiri dan menjadi jujur pada diri sendiri.
Apresiasi saya untuk Ketua KOPERTIS Wilayah VII, Prof. Dr. M. Nadjaji beserta jajarannya yang sudah melakukan tanggung jawab dengan sangat professional dan memroses berkas-berkas saya dengan cepat dan tepat.
Terima kasih kepada Ketua Badan Pembina Mgr. Vincentius Sutikno, Ketua Badan Pengurus Prof. Hengky Supit beserta seluruh staf, Rektor Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Prof. Dr. J.S. Ami Soewandi, Wakil Rektor I Dr. Kuncoro Foe, Wakil Rektor II Ibu Anteng beserta seluruh staf atas segala dukungan dan kepercayaan. Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Ibu Agnes Santi Widiati tanpa lelah menanyakan proses pengurusan guru besar dan terus berharap ketika saya sendiri sudah tidak lagi peduli. Prof. Dr. Wuri Soedjatmiko telah memberi inspirasi bahwa belajar sambil tampil cantik menarik tidak kenal batas usia.
Terima kasih kepada semua dosen dan staf administrasi di FKIP Unika Widya Mandala atas kepercayaan dan penerimaan terhadap saya. Terima kasih kepada Bpk Hadi yang dengan tekun dan telaten telah menyusun dan merapikan berkas-berkas saya. Terima kasih pula kepada Ibu Lucia Harvianti dan Ibu Sio Man yang juga telah membantu saya merapikan berkas-berkas sebelum diserahkan kepada Bpk. Hadi. Terima kasih kepada Bapak Herwin beserta seluruh panitia yang sudah bekerja keras untuk penyelenggaraan acara ini.
Para mitra dan kawan di EduBusiness Consulting dan Sentra Foreign Languages merupakan berkat Tuhan bagi saya. Terima kasih atas persaudaraan dan kebersamaan kita selama ini.
Perjalanan saya sebagai guru telah diperkaya dengan diskusi dan pekerjaan bersama-sama rekan-rekan di Komunitas Indonesia untuk Demokrasi yang berasal dari beragam disiplin ilmu dan latar belakang. Dr. Ignas Kleden, sosiolog, kritikus sastra, dan gembala memberikan contoh kesinambungan antara otak, mulut, dan hati. Ibu Ratih Hardjono mengajarkan keterlibatan hati dalam pekerjaan demokrasi untuk bangsa. Bpk. Kresnayana Yahya memberi saya banyak wawasan dan pengetahuan dari berbagai bidang serta model pengabdian tanpa kenal lelah. Terima kasih pula kepada rekan-rekan lain di Komunitas Indonesia untuk Demokrasi, Prof. Dr. Soetandyo Wignjosoebroto, Prof. Mohtar Mas’oed, Bpk. Rustam Effendi, Dr. Daniel Sparringa, Prof. Dr. Qasim Mattar, Ibu Ruhaini Dzulhaitin, dan teman-teman Executive Officers di KID.
Dr. Ibrahim Hasan, Ibu Ratih Loekito, dan Bpk Dharmanadi Chandra dari Tanoto Foundation telah memberikan kesempatan sangat berharga bagi saya untuk berjumpa langsung dengan para guru di sekolah mereka masing-masing bahkan sampai di pedalaman Sumatra, Kalimantan, dan Nangroe Aceh Darussalam sekalipun. Perjumpaan hati dengan para guru terutama yang terus bertahan dan berjuang di pedalaman telah menguatkan saya dalam peziarahan dan perjalanan spiritual saya sendiri sebagai seorang guru. Terima kasih pula kepada Ibu Dian, Mbak Donna Tampubolon, Mathilda Chandra, Bung Asri dan Mbak Fika yang sudah banyak membantu penyelenggaraan perjumpaan dengan para guru.
Atas kepercayaan yang sudah diberikan oleh LPMAK (Lembaga Pengembangan Masyarakat Amungme dan Kamoro) dan SLD serta CCB PT Freeport Indonesia, saya haturkan terima kasih. Karena kepercayaan ini, saya memperoleh kesempatan untuk mengenal dari dekat kondisi pendidikan di Papua. Saya sangat bersyukur Tuhan telah mengatur perjumpaan dengan Bapa Uskup Timika Mgr. John Saklil, Bpk. John Nakiaya, Bpk Emanuel Kemong, Bpk Yohan Zonggonau, Bpk. Lody Saklil, Bpk. Arief Latief, Ibu Diana Wilson, Ibu Rosalina Okeseray, Bpk Cornelles Yom, dan Bpk. Verry Robot.
Saya panjatkan doa untuk pendampingan dan kekuatan dari Tuhan bagi Bpk Frank Reuneker dan Ibu Irma Reuneker. Buku-buku yang diberi oleh Ibu Irma Reuneker telah menambah nuansa spiritualitas dalam perjalanan saya.
Terima kasih kepada Bapak Tonny Widiastono dari desk Opini Kompas. Penerbitan artikel-artikel pendidikan di Kompas telah memungkinkan saya untuk berinteraksi dengan banyak pemerhati dan praktisi pendidikan di tanah air.
Kepada para pastor Serikat Jesuit, Rm. Mardiatmaja, SJ, Rm. Baskoro Poedjinoegroho, SJ., Rm. Markus Wanandi, SJ., Rm. Herry Priyono, SJ, Rm. Zahnweh, SJ, terima kasih sudah membagikan spiritualitas Ignatian yang sudah menjadi oase dalam pengembaraan saya di padang gurun pendidikan.
Terima kasih pula atas doa dan dukungan dari para Romo CM, Romo SVD dan Romo Praja di Keuskupan Surabaya dan Malang serta para Suster Misionaris Claris. Suster-suster Putri Kasih telah mengajarkan kepada saya untuk melihat wajah Tuhan dalam setiap orang miskin yang mereka layani. Kata-kata Sr. Anna, PK, “pelayanan kepada orang miskin telah menyelamatkan kita” menjadi sumber enerji dalam perjalanan saya menyaksikan keterpurukan pendidikan kita.
Terima kasih kepada Mas Nur Hidayat dan teman-teman muda di IPNU (Ikatan Pelajar Nadhlatul Ulama) yang sudah melibatkan saya dalam perjuangan untuk memperjuangkan kemandirian belajar. Idealisme dan semangat muda mereka sudah memberikan enerji bagi perjalangan saya.
Kepada para guru dan mahasiswa yang tidak bisa saya sebutkan satu persatu, terima kasih sudah menjadi guru saya dan menguatkan saya dalam panggilan sebagai guru.
* Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar di Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala, Surabaya, 16 Februari 2008.
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34 komentar:
TO STUDENTS of PEDAGOGY CLASS,
Sorry I didn't explain that you need to have a goggle account to post your comment. And then all you need to do to enter your comment is to click on "Komentar" and follow the rest of the instructions. ANITA LIE
From: Rachel Wiriyadi
(NRP:1213007017)
Philosophy of Education
In education, a student should be free from his stupidness and immorality.
He will find the answer of his curiosity and he should not stop his curiosity. Knowledge will be useful when he chooses it depends on his needs and interests. Then, the teacher should be balance in giving punishments and compliments so the students know the good things and the bad things. Punishments are not instruments of an oppression. It is just a warning for the bad acts. A teacher should be a good model so what he talks about is not rubbish. He does not only give theories but also evaluations (analyze, combine, compare the world with the theory). He guides his students to be curious. He lets them to take their own decisions.
Education is a ship for the explorer (the student) explores his curiosity and he will find the right way with the sailor (the teacher). The decision is the explorer's, the sailor just conduct and direct the ship to go to where the explorer wants to. The explorer will be safe and success if he follows the rules of traveling by sea (morality).
Totochan
Totochan gives us a reflection. We usually think that a child who asks much, does not want to follow what the elder commands, and does everything, even it is dangerous, is a naughtiness whereas it is a breed of genius. Totochan explores her world by experimenting everything and asking much. Luckily, she finds her freedom to think more. A class likes a coach of a train. The school lets the students to arrange their timetables themselves and what subjects they want to take. There is a freedom of education there. Students can respect one another as the teacher respect their freedom. The students also know how to be responsible without any insistence nor force.
Nowadays, it is not impossible to create a school likes that. But it is rather hard for today students do not obey the rules/ parents/ teachers many times. Maybe in different system according to what the students fond of. For example, study by playing games in computer. There is knowledge inside the games. The teacher must be more creative than the students because they often take the chances of their freedom to do the bad things. The teacher can be a friend, not an enemy. The students respect their teachers, not be afraid of. It may be interesting to apply education in different way without leaving the main purpose of education: to pull out what inside the student.
Hana S.K.
1213007022
Education has the main role in the process of the development in a country. Why? Because education is aimed to set us free from the dumbness, poverty, and slavery. Nowadays Indonesia is becoming worst because there are still many people who become the slaves of stupidity. so, how we can set people free from stupidity? Therefore we need to improve the education itself.
Education can't be improved without teachers, that's why teacher is the center of the education. Teachers have to make themselves become an actor/actrees in their classroom, it means they have to find a way to make the studets interested in her/his teaching.
Indonesia doesn't have a good system of education. Students are always ordered to memorize many theories that they don't like to study. Moreover when we ask them , they can't answer it perfectly. So,I think it would be better that from the early age, students can choose their own interest in study.
Toto-chan
Toto-chan is an interesting book for me. I like reading this book, because it is very funny and has much good values there.
I like the school, it is cool and has something different with other schools that I have ever seen yet. The headmaster is a patient man who has many tricks to teach children. We know that children always have many questions in their mind when they see something. They often make disorder something to make them satisfy.Mr.Kobayashi can understand what children want, that's why all of students in Tomoe school can enjoy their time in study.
Teacher profession is not just an ordinary thing. If we look Mr.Kobayashi's school, we can feel amazed and realize how important the teacher is.
Lili Purwanti
NRP: 1213007089
Comment:
There are three basically of Toto-Chan book that we can found, first, this book told us about the purest of children, second, there is a good education method that can be applicant and the third, and it is a story about delightful school written in a simplistic way in the eyes of child.
There is no permanent schedule like schedule in Indonesian school especially in elementary to senior high school. Each of the students may start their day by what they like so that at any time different children are studying different subjects in the same class.
Because of this reason also, many smart students become the victim of education; like Toto-Chan who is expelled from school in first grade for unruly behavior because the teacher do not know perfectly whether the hyperactive character and full of creativity are different from the naughty one.
By the informal environment and interesting place such as Toto-Chan classroom-railway train cars, it could help the students to have a different perception about school; some students think that school is a scary place or a place full of an oppress by a lot of role.
I think this book can be the good reference for us as a teacher or for the parent generally, how to comprehend the child and manage their attitude, build love, respect by taking care of friendship, compassion and solidarity, also developing the personal creativity.
Lili Purwanti
NRP: 1213007089
Philosophy of education
By education we could:
1. Name our experiences
2. Name something inside ourself
3. Stay aware
4. Improved our skill
5. Full of hope to live in attitude
In fact that our education system is stay in oppress with a lot of theory. There are no choises for the students to express their idea "wildly" may be it is the impact of our culture also. There are no individual commetition. Communion commpetition more strong then individual competition.
For example when the teacher ask the students oppinion, no students raise their hand spontanly, they always waiting the other students first.
I think, we should start from our self, make a good education for the next generation by giving them a chance to choose what they want to do, as long as they are 'on the track' it's ok!
Philosophy of Education
Education is something that invisible but they become a very important thing nowadays. Because we can do nothing without it, we can even die if we don't have education. Unfortunately not every person can have their own education nowadays, even for the lowest grade. That’s because education is very expensive for them. But actually they need that, everyone need education. Because beside knowledge, education also give us morality. Knowledge can improve our talent in many things, we can maximize our talent until its limits. And morality its about our relationship with our society. Nowadays life is getting harder, world will not wait us to be develop. So we must develop ourselves with education. There are so many problems in this world which are not solved yet. If we search until its roots, we could find that education can solve those problems. So we can maximize our talent without disturb other people interests and we can sit together with cold-hearted talk about something without any mad or emotional talks. Education is a absolute thing in this world, it can be refused by every people in this world, it helps people to survive to many things in this world.
Totto Chan
Totto chan shows us many things about education and humanity. At first she teaches us that everybody was different, and we must accept those differences even it’s hard to do it. Totto chan has a big curiosity, but their society can’t accept that. Second it teaches us that education cannot be forced to all people. Every student has their own talents and abilities, so they supposed not to be forced by education. For example in Indonesia, to graduate from senior high school every student must pass their exams in several lessons like mathematics and English. But as we know, not every student has talent in those lessons. So it’s very hard for them who have talent in other lesson to graduate from high school with those requirements. Education must be more globalized.
Novia Devita
NRP : 1213007016
Philosophy of Education
Education is a process of learning that have a period. In each period, people will learn something new. They try to become better and be more mature. People not just learn education from the theories but also from their experiences. With all of that, people will be stronger to survive in this world.
Totto-Chan
Totto-Chan showed something different about education. Usually, as we know education is a must for every people in this world. But later, education becomes an oppression for almost all the students. In Totto-Chan, every child could do whatever they like and the teachers will look after them. I think with this method, Children can develop their own talents without being forced. However, there are still some rules that can teach them about responsibilities. Nowadays, I think it will be hard to find this method at school.
philosophy of education..
is the way of teaching.
it means someone who can express his or her own creativity to make education more creative and enjoyable.
the most important thing is this philosophy can make students feel free, and not opressed..
totto-chan
my comment about this novel is..
this is a novel who tells about a young girl named totto-chan.
she is a beautiful-unique girl.
she has her own world. it means not mmany people can understand her.
even I read this novel, i found different way of teaching. the school where totto-chan school used a different method than other elementary school.
this school didn't opress students, students are free.
the headmaster tried to enter the child's mind-set.
the headmaster didn't opress students what they sholud learn everyday.
the students are free to choose what subject they want to learn that day.
In that school the teachers and the students like family.
when I finished read this novel. I realized that how happy is totto-chan. she can find people who can understand her, who care for her, who love her.
and this school method makes students free, and not opressed
yohanes wahono
nrp;1213007080
philosophy of education..
is the way of teaching.
it means someone who can express his or her own creativity to make education more creative and enjoyable.
the most important thing is this philosophy can make students feel free, and not opressed..
totto-chan
my comment about this novel is..
this is a novel who tells about a young girl named totto-chan.
she is a beautiful-unique girl.
she has her own world. it means not mmany people can understand her.
even I read this novel, i found different way of teaching. the school where totto-chan school used a different method than other elementary school.
this school didn't opress students, students are free.
the headmaster tried to enter the child's mind-set.
the headmaster didn't opress students what they sholud learn everyday.
the students are free to choose what subject they want to learn that day.
In that school the teachers and the students like family.
when I finished read this novel. I realized that how happy is totto-chan. she can find people who can understand her, who care for her, who love her.
and this school method makes students free, and not opressed
Philosophy of Education
Education must help someone/somebody to be free from his stupidness. Beside that, education must give many value that can be immitated by other person.
Education consists of many things that are useful. e.g. : soft skill, hard skill, etc.
FRom education, the next generation can change their life be better than before and also can create a better life for somebody else by creating/teaching something which is good.
Education is one of their first pillar to be a great person. Learning by doing is the best way to get many excellent information.
Totochan
At first, she is a naught girl but fortunately she could change their life better. Actually, Totochan is a good girl but her curiosity makes her can't be controlled. Fortunately, her mother could find a school which provides a lot of informations. That school also has a good way to teach their student by giving their students many topic that can be choose by their students. The school doesn't push their students to study hard. The school adds many informations that are very iomportant for their students life. Totochan mind is ful with her curiosity. It is different with other students in Totochan's age. She is creative also. If many students get knowledge like Totochan, there will be many professor which is born in this erath because they learn about their need.
The teacher and the headmaster are also creative also because they teach in a good method which can develop their students interest.
Dismas Wibisono
1213007015
Tirza Petrina
1213006045
Education is the study of the purpose and process. It’s also broad concept, referring to all the experiences in which students can learn something. By education, it can set people free from stupidity.
Toto-Chan
I like to read this book. This story gives much opinion in education. Toto Chan has a unique character. She approves about how to get an education in another way be sides study at school. Because of that, she doesn't like to study at her first school.
But in this story I really appreciated with the headmaster and the teacher in her second school. The headmaster didn't oppress students with always study on the table,etc.
The students are free to choose what subject they want to learn that day. All of the teachers also creative to decide a good method which can develop the students interest. That's really interesting.
Name : Tegar Dedy P.
NRP :1213007069
(Philosophy of Education)
Education consists of many parts that connect to each other. Every part of it is very important. But I think the most important part of education is the teacher.
Teachers, as center of education, should be concern about each student’s capability.
They can’t just ignore that. They must put aside their ego and have to make the students as their priority, so students who are not so smart can pace up and join with the others.
Teachers sometimes doesn’t aware about each students’ capability to learn, they just give the lessons and ignoring that. If the students can’t follow up, they will be left behind. We have to change that. Teachers have to let their students to be free thinkers, so they can express their ideas freely without being afraid. But teachers have to guide them, to make sure that they are in the “right track.”
In conclusion, education, as the most important things in our life, should be taught in better ways and that ways must make the students feel that they need those subjects, not because of school regulation or parents’ order. In order to do that, we have to really understand about students’ psychology and all of their problems in learning, and that is the teachers’ duty to do that.
(Totto-chan)
For me, this book is like a reflection, reflection about how education of children should be held. Mr. Kobayashi, the headmaster of Totto’s school, really has concern about child education.
He taught both education and morality to his students in the simplest way, even his students didn’t aware about it. He really understands about children’s mind. The students can pick their favorite subject, and they don’t have to do the subject they don’t like. And for morality, Mr. Kobayashi gave it in the student’s daily activities. One of my favorite stories is the story of Totto losing her hat in the septic tank at the school, and proceeds to dig it out. The headmaster walks by, and after a few questions to satisfy his curiosity, and hearing her earnest explanations, he lets her continue with the simple instruction, "make sure you put it all back!"
He also accepts students who had defects like Yasuaki and Akira to join his school. From this, he taught his students about diversity and how to respect each others. He makes them (Yasuaki and Akira) believe that they are not different with the others, he even make a sport contest where Akira can join and won.
Well, there are still a lot to tell if we talking about Mr. Kobayashi. But let me give the conclusion. I think teacher like Mr. Kobayashi is the most ideal teacher, but unfortunately, teacher like this is very rare. It is true that teachers nowadays have concern about their students, but not all teachers have concern as big as Mr. Kobayashi had. He made his students more aware about their potentials and talents, he even believes that every child is a good person, and adults have to educate them with care and love. More importantly, his students learn about togetherness and awareness to environments. All of Mr. Kobayashi’s teachings have encouraged them to pursue their dream, and it still affects their mind, even after they have grown up.
Name : Hady Gunawan
Student Number : 1213007032
Pedagogy Class A
PEDAGOGY ASSIGNMENT
MY PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Education is a learning process that opens humans’ minds, so that humans can learn and acquire the meaning of their lives and everything that is necessary for the struggles of their lives.
Humans need education to open their minds, thoughts and perceptions to the world, so that they can learn and realize what the meaning of their lives in the world, what they have to do in the world, with the world and to the world, and how they should relate to other beings. Humans should realize whether what they have done are good or bad, what they have to do to maintain and develop the world, and how they can make good relationships with other beings, such as humans, animals, plants, and the nature.
Humans also need education to learn and acquire knowledge, skills and experiences that are very important to survive in the struggles of their lives. By having all of those, humans are able to defend their rights and freedom so that they will not be oppressed by other fellows. Shortly, education really makes humans become independent and responsible beings.
MY COMMENT ABOUT TOTTO CHAN’S STORY
I think, Totto Chan’s story is a very good story. It shows us the differences between her former school and her new school. Her former school shows us a school that is full of oppression. The educators – the headmaster and the teachers – do not act as good educators. They only judge that the students are naughty and rude, but they do not try to change their attitudes and behaviors. But, Totto Chan’s new school shows us a school that cares about the students, gives them independence in learning, and is responsible for their future. The educators use proper approaches to the students in order to change their bad attitudes and behaviors. Eventually, the educators succeed. The students become good and well-educated students.
The point of the story is very good. It tells us what education should be. Education should be able to change something bad into good. Educators should use proper approaches to the students in order to make them feel like having friends who care about and patiently teach them. So, without feeling oppressed, the students are able to learn independently and comfortably. They are able to develop their minds, skills and knowledge, which are very important for their future.
Alecia K.G
(NRP : 1213007005)
Philosophy of Education.
Education is very important for our life.
Because without educatio, we can't feel free from stupidity, poverty, and slavery.
Education is the way to out from stupidness. We should get many knowledges from child.
We as a student should be an active person like we want to know about everything.
Because from that we can also improve our skill. We need good subject or materi to be an educate person.
As an educate person, we can get a good job easier for our future.
In this globalization, as we know, we have to survive with other people to get a good life.
It isn't easy for us. We should preparing ourself from that time with many knowledges.
Toto-chan.
Toto-chan is a nice book. I like this book very much.
Because it gives us something from other book.
In that book, I really appreciate with the headmaster. Why?
Because for me, the headmaster is a person or teacher that can be a model for people who want to be a teacher.
He is very patient to teach his students.'
He always find the way to make the teaching situation become interesting.
We can learn many things from that book such as how to her.
Sometimes, we need teacher like him. So that we'll be anthusiasm to follow the lesson in the campus or school.
Beside that, I also like Toto-chan's character. Because she always want to know about eveything,
Eventhough she's still young.
Name : Lastri
NRP :1213007091
Philosophy Education
Philosophy education is that we can learn something from our experiences. Education can free us from dumbness and poverty. We will have a good life if we have education. We can’t do everything without education, so education is very important for people in the world. People don’t have education will be oppress with people in the high level. It’s mean that education can improve our knowledge, skill, and free us from oppression. We will have a good life in the future if we have education or experiences. Education give us know how to solve problem because it will improve our mind.
Toto-chan
After I read this novel, I am very amazed with the headmaster because he can teach his students become a good person in the future. The headmaster uses a good method to teach all of his students, he give them freedom to choose what lesson that his students like. So all of the students feel happy and enjoy their study. Although their school has some rules, they don’t feel oppression when they are studying. The headmaster teaches his students how to respect other person and more discipline. I think that is a best way to teach students, because usually students feel bored and feel oppression with the lesson and the rules. I think the teacher should use method like Tomoe school method, because it is very useful for all. Then, responsibility will grow up in student’s life without they know it.
From : Carla Christina H.
(1213007060)
Philosophy of education
As a teacher, we shouldn't only input our students with many knowledges without any chances to speak.
The students need any chances to speak because they have to improve or express their creativity in knowledge.
I think, education in Indonesia is not good enough.
As far as we know in Indonesia,
the teacher just give them many materials or assignments and many of the teacher don't give the students any chances to speak in class.
The teacher also have to educate them not only in education, but also in morality.
The teacher should make the students have a good morality, not only good knowledge.
I like the type of education in abroad.
Why?
Because the education in there is good.
The students in abroad only focus in the spesific study with not many material from the teacher.
And the students in there, should look for the material by themselves and in class, they have chances to speak and improve their knowledge.
Toto Chan
When I read this book at the first time, I feel surprised with the system which the headmaster use to educate his students. That system made me feel that the school is different with another school.
The headmaster give the students chances to do what they like in the morning to start their day.
The students also can improve their creativity, like : go outside and study new things outside there. That's very interesting!
The headmaster also educate their children with good moral, like : be a responsible person.
This story also give me many good values, like : I have to be respect to other people who each of them have different characteristics with me.
I think, education in this world, especially in Indonesia needs this kind of method to educate students, so the children will not be bored and can enjoy to study (maybe for a long time).
From : Ratnawati
NRP : 1213007020
Philosophy of Education
Education is very important in my life. We can think better ang longer because of education. Students and teachers have important rule in education. Government in each country also has important rule in education because government makes system of education. If the system is bad, education in the country is also bad and the quality of the country become bad too.
The quality of education depend on the students and the teacher. The quality of students depend on the teacher because the teachers teach their students with their knowledge. It also depend on the students too beacuse the student have to have the spirit to study hard so the education can be useful.
Teachers as a educator maust teach all good things to their students so it can build goo mrality to their students. Teachers must be patient to their students in their teaching. The teacher should't be angry if the students can't do the assingment or the test because cleverness of the students are different. Not all students are clever and smart. The teachers should give a reward to the student who get a good score so that student have motivation to study harder. The teacher shouldn't give heavy punishment to their student because it can make the student be afraid and doesn't study anymore. It's better if the teacher always give motivation to the students who are naughty and can't follow the lesson well. It's the best way to change the students become a good students. The teacher must give a good example, good act in dailylife so what they are saying is real. Because of that, the students are sure to follow him/her.
Totochan
I am very proud of story of totochan because it gives me an aspiration how to handle my naughty student. Before I had read it, I think all of children are naughty and we can't handle them. But after I have read it, I realize that children are very corious so they usually ask anything they see. This book explain me how to teach children.
I am as a teacher realize that children need freedom. They wants all of their curiosity must be completed. Because of that, the teacher must be patient, not be angry because it can make the children be afraid.
The teacher in Totochan book is smart to handle the naughty child. The teacher give freedom to the children what lesson that the children want to study. It can make the children enjoy with their study so they aren't bored at their study. It also can make the student have a lot of creativities
TOTO CHAN THE LITTLE AT THE WINDOW
Toto Chan was a student with amazing energy that made her got in trouble even in the first week at first grade of her school life. Toto Chan was drop out from her ordinary school because the teacher could not handle her. Fortune for Toto Chan, she had a wonderful mother who very wisely kept the drop out issue as a secret from Toto Chan until she grew up in order to keep Toto Chan’s dignity and high self esteem.
Then Toto Chan’s mother sent her to Tomoe Gakuen elementary school that was held by Mr. Kobayashi. All of adventures and lessons made Toto Chan could express her in the school. The first, Toto Chan fell in love with the train coach that was used as the classrooms, after that she met Mr. Kobayashi, she was very happy when she talked to him and soon she felt close him and a bond was made between them. Tomoe Gakuen made a whole impression in Toto Chan’s life. Tomoe Gakuen School was destroyed by the bomb of USA in the World War II around 1945, unfortunately.
Tomoe Gakuen was an elementary school which was headed by Mr. Sosaku Kobayashi who used the Eurhythmics method of teaching. He went to Europe twice time to study the subject more. He loved children and started to send up his school in six abandoned railroad train in 1937 with a philosophy that the basic of education had to make the children felt happy and free, why was in Tomoe Gakuen, the children had freedom to choose the lessons what they wanted to begin their studying. All of the activities at the school was designed by him especial for every of his students.
My comment:
This book brings awareness for us which let the children to do what they want. It is a good way to learn for them and they can express their abilities or desires. An education should not make the children or the students feel in a prison of mind. So that, if we are as a teacher, parents or someone who love the children, we can use the way to educate our young generations for their future. The book tells us how child education well. A human is very precious so that we must respect her or him, even thought they are still very young / child in order they can grow up naturally and they become themselves.
My philosophy:
1. Education is early of wisdom and humble person.
2. Education is like the candle flame …, forever living of candle light of love.
Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar
My opinion:
There are:
• Purpose of education is going to bring freedom and respect the human being and all of the human rights.
• The speech observes about education, but especial a good figure of the teacher.
• The good teacher can free the students from dependent of the teacher and the teacher can deliver the student to find themselves and are able to reach their future successfully.
• Education and teacher can not be separated because they are like a chain each others tightly.
• Bad of education system is like oppression and it can appear bad impacts for the students, the society and the nation.
• The speech reminds us understand the meaning of the education actually. Then we can give good respond as our responsible to our young generation.
By
Elizabeth Hardiantinawati
1213007065
Class A
Patrizia Rodela
NRP 1213007079
Philosophy of education
I think education is related to many aspect and we can get education everywhere,everytime and by anyone. at the first time I think that formal education like school education is the most important but after I get the lesson in pedagogy class about how the ant can survive in their life without formal education I realize that all education is important ,not only the formal education but also informal education even thow most of education cannot set me free I will try to get education as can as possible because whereever i am going to find education especially formal education I would feel oppressed and but in fact in that situation there are so many people can do and most of them are already successful in their life so why not , I believe I can do it either
Totto chan
Wow..... its a very interesting novel at the first time when I read the title of this novel I think it would be a kind of borring activity but after I read this novel I realize that this novel not only interesting but also consist a lot of value. Actually I have a dream to be ateacherso this novel also give me a good inspiration to get a technique to teach my student and I wish that I could have my own school like tomoe gakuen thanks for Mrs Anita Lie for recomend me to read this novel
Dear Students of Pedagogy Class,
Thanks for posting your comments. I enjoy reading your thoughts and perspectives.
See you in class.
Anita Lie
Natalia P
Nrp : 1213007087
Philosophy of Education
Education is very important. Education doesn't guarrantee you can be a successful person. But without education you just can do a little thing. In education, a student should not be opperesed. But they can be free to create something.
Totto-Chan
Totto-Chan is a unique girl. She is very cool and very curious. She wants to know everything that she doesn't know.She is so ambitius. Because of her ambition, she doesn't realize that many teachers doesn't like her and they feel that Totto-Chan make difficulties for them. Totto-Chan is very simple. She never give in to get something. Fortunately, she has a good headmaster and kind parents who can understand her
From: Karina Ayu.M
NRP: 1213007023
Philosophy of Education
Education is a process of development in our life to reach our gaols, aims and our objectives.
Education happens throughout our life, it continue until die.
Goals of education are to produce mature and well-behaved people and also to set us free from dumness and stupidity.
From edocation we learn and know everything and that is very important to our life. We can get knowledge abd everything that we do not know before.
Morover, a teachers should have stimulate curiousity the student to be active. Not just fill the student with knowledge and knowledge but the teacher have to pull out the student's mind.Edocation just not theories but also experiences in our life.
Toto Chan
Toto Chan is an interesting book, because from there are many good values inside.
Toto Chan is a girl who very curious and always asks about everything. And she wants to be free in her life. Luckily, she finds her freedom to think more. A class likes a coach of a train. In there she learn many things that she does not know before and she can feels free there. The school lets the students to arrange their timetables themselves and what subjects they want to take. There is a freedom of education there. The teacher can be a friend, not an enemy. The students respect their teachers, not be afraid of them. I think we need the system of school like that, that will make us free and have a good behaved.
From : Ingrid Yohanna.W
NRP : 121307025
Philosophy of Education
Education is a process who people get experience and knowledge about the development in our life. From education we can learn about everything that we do not know before. Education can make us become a good person for example make decisions and set us free from stupidness. By the time, the world getting develop in education that make every people always compete and free to be creative to reach success in our life through more critical on thinking, be active and have a good attitude.
Toto Chan
After I read this book, I feel interested with the story. It does not tell the readers about the life of Toto Chan but also tells about the fact of life. Then, the system in the school is very good. That makes students free and they can choose what subjects they like.
Every student has their own talents and abilities, so they supposed not to be forced by education.
I think with this method, Children can develop their own talents without being forced.
They are able to develop their minds, skills and knowledge, which are very important for their future.
I like this book very much.
Felicia Christanti
1213007027
Philosophy of Education
Education is a major component of our society. Without education, society as we know it would cease to exist.
The purpose of education is to allow students to discover what is possible for them in the future. The key to a happy and succesful life is having the choice to do what you really want , whether it is being a doctor, teacher,scientist, etc.
That's why education is so important.
The primary role of a teacher is to be an educator. The teacher have a responsibility to ensure a well education for their students.
Sometimes the teacher gives us some rules and assignments and makes us feel oppresed.
The teacher not only talk and their student just listen, but also the teacher have to give a chance to express the student's opinions.
Education also expands the minds of children and help to give them a guide on how to survive in the world.
Education can be a process of liberation from crime, poverty and hunger.
Toto Chan
Toto Chan is an interesting book. It shows us the freedom of education. The students can choose what subject they want to do and every student can express their own abilities. The teacher also don't oppresed their students. This school method makes students feel comfortable and doesn't make their feel oppresed.
from:
LENI (1213007096)
Philosophy of Education
Education is very important to learning and all of people can learn.
The purpose of the education is to provide students with a knowlegde base in the future. An educators means that you are someone who cares and wants to see children to successful in the class and in their future.
In education is the sharing of knowledge that occurs between a teacher and a student. Educations would give supports and gives students an opportunity to give their creativity. So the students don't feel oppresed of education.
Totto Chan
This novel tells about Totto Chan who is a young girl. She has a different character or unique character. She often makes me confused with her personality. But I'm interested about that. She always want to know about everything.
Beside that I'm very proud with Mr.Kobayashi, the headmaster of Totto Chan's school. He give the freedom to his students to study in their ways. For example : The students can choose their favorite subject they like or they don't like. He always makes his students to enjoy do some activities in their school. The are free to develop their skills or knowledge. So the students don't feel oppressed.
Vinsensius Maksi John
NRP. 1213007077
MY PHHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
I believe that education should encourage children to develop
to their fullest potential according to their own abilities.
Children need to develop knowledge, skill, and the ability to think for themselves-so that they will be self confident in setting goals-making informed choices-and acting in ways that will improve their own lives and the life of the community.
I believe in responding each child as an individual and teaching to the whole child.
Every child develops at a different rate of physically, cognitively, and emotionally.
Every child should be encouraged to recognize his or her own individually
while maintaining a respect for others.
Children learn best when they are provided a secure, stimulating environment where each child meets with experiences that will develop his or her fullest potential.
I believe that students learn best through active learning that is teacher facilitated.
To encourage intrinsic motivation, teachers should pique(put out) curiosity,
allow creativity, and make learning fun and meaningful by allowing students to have
some choice in what they learn.
I believe that learning should be exiting, meaningful, and relevant.
If we instill(introduce, teach) in every child a love of learning and quest for knowledge at an early age, the love of learning will grow and continue through life.
Vinsensius Maksi John
NRP. 1213007077
Toto Chan was written by a Japanese author name Tetsuko Koruyanagi and this is a semi authobiography of herself when she was just a little girl with the nick name Toto Chan.
It recalls back her memory in her extraordinary school Tomoe Gakuen elementary school before the pacific war begun in Japan.
Tomoe Gakuen was an elementary school headed by Mr. Sosaku Kobayashy who uses the eurythmics method of teaching. He had gone to Europe twice to study eurrythmics method of teaching music of Jaques Dalcroze. He loves children and he started his school in six abandoned railroad cars in 1937 with a philosophy that the basic of education have to make the children feel happy and free, which is why in Tomoe Gakuen, the children have the freedom to pick which lesson they want to study first.
All of the activity at school was designed specially for each of their student.
Toto Chan was a student with amazing energy that made herself get in trouble even in the first week at first grade of her school life. Toto Chan was drop out from her ordinary school because of the teacher can not handle her. Fortunately for Toto Chan, she has an amazing mother who was very wisely keeps the drop out issue as a secret from
Toto Chan until she grown up in order to keep Toto Chan dignity and high herself esteem.
Toto Chan’s mother then sends her to Tomoe Gakuen elementary school that was held by Mr. Kobayashy. And all of the adventure and lesson for Toto Chan live has just begun in the Tomoe Gakuen. Firstly Toto Chan fell in love with the train coach that was use as the classroom. Then when she met Mr. Kabayashi, she felt very confortable talking to him and immediately feel close and a bond was made between them. Tomoe Gakuen made a deep impression in Toto Chan’s life. Unfortunately in the World War II, Tomoe Gakuen School was destroyed in the American bombing of Tokyo in 1945.
This book is a heart warming, and delightful story, brings to us that sometimes letting children to do what they want is a good way learn for them also.
An education should not make children feel in a prison of mind.
A school which does things in a different way, treats children differently, and teaching them to see the world in a new way.
It reveals lasting pedagogical attitudes of self respect, freedom of expression,
joy of discovery, and community of scholars that are timeless lessons for parents and teachers as well as a students.
Child Education
A comment for Laskar Pelangi
The first time I knew about the book, Laskar Pelangi, is about six months ago, but I was not interested in reading it until I was assigned to do it. However, after I had read it, I changed my mind. The book is quite good although the language used is quite complicated as it seems to be a Malay literature. There is a lot of vocabulary I do not understand, but I am helped by the glossary.
The story touched me for it talked about the experience of ten children who came from the lower class families, but they have a huge passion and motivation to have an education. They were also supported by two teachers who did not only teach them knowledge, but also educated the life lessons and motivated them to develop their talents and skills. These two teachers dedicated themselves for the education itself although they did not pay well. Their supports and motivation really helped their students to reach their goals.
There are many differences I see between them and me. To have education, they have to struggle very much. Some needed to work and Lintang, one of the students, needed to ride his bicycle for 80 kilometers. They were not supported by many facilities as I have. They played traditional games which some of them I even never heard the names. In contrary, I have many modern toys and even children's toys nowadays are much more sophisticated. Although they did not have those things, they were not desperate with their condition. They even worked harder and became more creative. They could create their own toys, games, and they manage a very extraordinary show that finally won the competition. Their experience, imagination, creativities, hard works and friendship really touch, inspire and teach me not to waste the chances I have to earn the education. I am really thankful for what I have because if I were them, I do not think that I could survive.
Another thing I got from the story is the dedication of their teachers. If I will be a teacher someday, I want to be like them who dedicate themselves for education.
Lionny Christina S.
1213006003
Diana Soebrata
(NRP:1213007018)
My philosophy of education
Education is something important in my life. Without education I feel like nothing. When I entered the university, I realized that education is not only about study and study, but it is also how to understand something and make it important for our lives. Sometimes education makes us oppressed because of our obligation, it is our duty and we have to do it like or not. I want to get education as much as possible. I want to make something important with my education. Education for me is my life. it can control all of my future.
My comment about “Totto Chan”
When I read this novel, I found many new things about schools. Usually people think that a school is a boring place that full of strict and bad teachers, because of that, children, especially students lost their interests to go to school and also to study for their education. A school is an important place for improving children’s behavior that’s why it is important to understand children’s likeness of something. It is a good way to teach children by understanding them. It makes children do not fell oppressed of education. The ways of teaching in this book are very different. Maybe at first, you will say that it is weird and ineffective, in fact, it is more useful than others. Students can learn many new things from everything around them. Teaching by understanding their likeness can make children learn more about life and education.
Erica Temmy
(1213007008)
THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
The rule of education in schools is study from the most general until the most specific. From elementary school until junior high school we learn all of subjects for 9 years. Then in senior high school we choose a specific program we like – nature, social, or language, then in university we choose one subject we like and good at most to be studied deeply. But for some people 10 years are quite long for choosing the subject they like or good at most, because they have already known and realized their potential before that time. However they still have to follow the procedure. But, there are also some people who are able to see their own potential after some years, like my own experience.
When I was in elementary school, I was very bad in mathematic, and I also hated it because I was not good at it. My Mother who noticed it became worried because mathematic was one of the subject of the National Exam. She was worried that her daughter would not pass the elementary school because of mathematic. Also at that time, mathematic was the measurement of a child’s intelligence. So my Mother decided to teach me mathematic everyday. Every evening, for almost 6 years, I had to study mathematic with her privately. I felt really oppressed at that time and imagined if there was no mathematic in this world. I cried almost everyday because she always got angry to me when I couldn’t solve the problem well. Luckily my Mother is a patient person. Even though I was really stupid in mathematic, she never gave up. She always said that what she did to me was for my goodness, but because I was still a little child I didn’t understand about that. What I felt was only the oppression because of mathematic. But after I entered junior high school, I started to understand her words and felt the benefit of my Mother’s teaching. Because I had a good basic of mathematic, I found the easiness of learning mathematic, even when I was in senior high school I was quite competent in that field. At that time I used to join mathematic competitions, also I used to be asked by my teacher to help him in teaching some friends who found difficulties in that field. At that time, I felt that I had found my potential in mathematic. When I did flashback to my experience with mathematic when I was in elementary school, I hardly believed that I which is used to be hate and stupid in mathematic, could be a person which is good at it.
Here I want to emphasize that not all of people need the same time to find their potential. For me 10 years are enough to find it. But maybe others had already found it before 10 years.
Education should understand about it. Schools should not give the same time for every student to choose the subject that they are good at.
When I remember that when I was in elementary school, I was very stupid in mathematic, I often wonder why I could not solve even the easy problems of mathematic. I also wonder how my Mother taught me so I could be a person who good in it finally. Then I asked these questions to my mother and this was what she said to me : When I studied by memorizing the formula, I often found difficulties when I had to solve a problem which used more than 1 formula. She didn’t notice it at the first time and still forced me to use the same way in teaching me. When finally she found it, she tried to use another way to teach me. She tried to use the real things and did the real practice in teaching. For example in learning about counting price, instead of memorizing the formulas, she used some money toys and some stones as the things. She tried to teach me not by the formula, but by the logic. Also, when I accompanied her to go to a market, she often asked me to count the price of things she would buy. From that experience, she realized that I studied better when I used the real things and the real practice.
From that story I realized that every people has their own way in see and learn something. Maybe my friends learned better by using the formula, but I learned better by using my logic.
I also realized that I found difficulties in learning mathematic in school because of the system. I used to study only inside the class, and memorized everything my teacher said without any real practice. For some students maybe it was okay, but for me, I need a real practice to understand. I know, because there were many students in my class, the teacher could not understand the difficulties of each student deeply.
Education also has to be understand that every people learn in different ways, so it should not force to use one way for all of the students.
Toto Chan
I think we can't use the system of how Mr. Kobayashi taught in Indonesia now. because Japan is not same with Indonesia. and Indonesian are very lazy and spoiled. if we use this system, they will be lazier and more spoiled.
Amelia Gan
1213007014
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Philosophy of education on my view is a concept of how individual see and understand the meaning and the purpose of education by seeking and understanding the reality which exists as the explanation of education itself. By understanding the reality of education completely, we will be able to apply it in our lives, especially in our society, because education is a social process, and we can also use the education we get to develop or even find the new innovation of it as a breakthrough because education has two factors: theory and practice, which are related one another.
TOTTO CHAN
Actually, it is quite complicated whether we can apply the education system which was taught by Mr. Kobayashi (in Totto Chan story) in these days’ curriculum of education or not. Well, it is true that everyone needs freedom in doing everything, including studying. An example from Mr. Kobayashi’s system of teaching was the students were free to learn anything they wanted. However in that story, those students did everything about studying, such as drawing, singing, making poets, and doing physics practicum. He applied the system for the students who were still in learning and growing process, whereas we are college students. That means there is a big difference between 19 to 21 year-old students and 6 year-old students. Let’s imagine if that system is applied in modern curriculum. People in these days are getting smarter and lazier. When we were given a freedom in choosing anything we wanted to study, we would do nothing about that. We would even talk, gossip, and do the other things to spend the time beyond studying. Well, I am not saying that Mr. Kobayashi’s system is inapplicable in our curriculum, but we should see when it can be used or when it cannot. However, I completely agree with his purpose for the students through the system he applied. About applying the system in modern curriculum, I think it would be better if it were applied only for kindergarten to 3rd grade of elementary school students.
Silvia Margaretta Andoko
1213007021
Philosophy of Education
Education is very important to everyone. Education is one of the tools to reach prosperity. Without education someone is like a lamb without a shepherd. They are who are educated will be success and they are who are not educated will be left behind. Everyone should get good education to reach their dream come true. One of the tools of education is school. At school, the teachers guide the students to get wide knowledge. We have to appreciate our teacher’s merits. We have to remember that they teach us to take us to the bright future.
Totto Chan
The way to teach in Totto Chan Novel is contrast with in our country. Mr. Sosaku Kobayashi gave them a freedom to learn something. All of the students there could use the freedom wisely. They learned to be responsible to everything they did. If the method of Mr. Sosaku Kobayashi is run in this period in this country, I think it will not work as good as in Totto Chan Novel. I can say that because in our country many young people have a bad habit. If they are given a freedom to do something, they will not use it wisely. It is hereditary. A kid does something because they see their parents do something. So, we have to remind all of the parents to be a good model to their children. Although in my opinion the method of Mr. Sosaku Kobayashi will not work, I think it is not wrong if we try to do it. It is one of new innovations in teaching.
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